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Lucas Cranach the Elder - Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden - Altarpiece with the Martyrdom of St Catharine: St Barbara, St Ursula, St Margaret [right wing, recto] - Overall

Connected Works:

Lucas Cranach the Elder - Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden - Altarpiece with the Martyrdom of St Catharine: St Dorothea, St Agnes, St Kunigunde [left wing, recto] - Overall

Lucas Cranach the Elder - The National Gallery, London - Altarpiece with the Martyrdom of St Catherine: Saints Genevieve and Apollonia [left wing, verso] - Overall

Lucas Cranach the Elder - The National Gallery, London - Altarpiece with the Martyrdom of St Catherine: Saints Christina and Ottilia [right wing, verso] - Overall

Lucas Cranach the Elder - Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden - Altarpiece with the Martyrdom of St Catharine [central panel] - Overall

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Painting:

CDA ID / Inventory Number	DE_SKD_GG1906B
Persistent Link	https://lucascranach.org/DE_SKD_GG1906B
FR (1978) No.	FR012

Title:

Altarpiece with the Martyrdom of St Catharine: St Barbara, St Ursula, St Margaret [right wing, recto]

[CDA 2011]

Attribution:

Lucas Cranach the Elder	[Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, 2011] [Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378] [Woermann, Cat. Dresden 1905, 614, 615][1] [1][Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, 2011]
Unknown	'unbekannter Meister L.C.' [Woermann, Cat. Dresden 1892, 200, 201][1] [Mattäi, Cat. Dresden 1837, Bd. 1, No. 69, 70][2] 'unbekannt' (associates artist with Martin Schongauer) [Mattäi, Cat. Dresden 1835, Bd. 1, No. 69, 70][2] [1][Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, 2011] [2][Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 380, 387]
Daniel Fritsch	[Woermann, Cat. Dresden 1887, No. 1960][1] [1][Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 380, 387]
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Dating:

1506	[central panel dated]

Owner / Repository / Location:

Owner	Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden
Repository	Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden
Location	Dresden

Dimensions:

Dimensions of support: 124.5 x 66 cm [Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

Support:

Painting on lime wood [Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

Signature / Date:

Artist's insignia on the central panel at the bottom edge: 'L 1506 C'

Inscriptions, Marks, Labels, Seals:

Reverse of the panel: Gal.-Nr. (repeatedly); Sammlungsnachweis Pillnitz (repeatedly): 'Inv. 25' Sammlungsnachweis Dresden, repeatedly; Exhibition label Berlin 1937; in roter Kreide: '33' [Schlegel 2003, 9][1] [1][Schlegel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

Description:

The landscape background extends over both interior wing panels, which each depict three female saints and their attributes: on the left panel Sts Dorothea, Agnes and Kunigunde, on the right Barbara, Ursula and Margaret. Although the figures are arranged in a group the saints appear isolated, unrelated to each other and the event taking place on the central panel. Common to all is the richness and variety of their attire. It is clear that Cranach's main interest lay here as the saints' robes seem to display the latest fashion in the Saxon court. [Görres, in Bonnet, Kopp-Schmitt, Görres 2010, 142]

Provenance:

- one of the first paintings, that the Elector Friedrich III. the Wise commissioned from Lucas Cranach for the Wittenberg Schlosskirche

- before 1586 the altarpiece was taken to Torgau, Schloss Hartenfels

- 1738 the altarpiece was taken to Dresden by the court painter Bonaventura Rossi (Vorrat der Gemäldegalerie)

- 1835 first recorded (as 'unbekannt') in a catalogue of the Dresden Gemäldegalerie

[Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 380]

Exhibitions:

Dresden 1899, No. 2, 3
Berlin, 1937, No. 10
Dresden 1937, 11
Eisenach 1994,106-113

Sources / Publications:

Reference on Page

Catalogue Number

Figure/Plate

Weschenfelder 2018 A

11-13

Fig. 4

Cat. Coburg 2018

under no. 10

Bonnet, Görres 2015

26-29

p. 26, 29

Schuchardt 2015 A

Wimböck 2010 B

Exhib. Cat. Brussels 2010

118

Maaz 2010

18-21

Hansmann 2010

46, 48, 49, 54

Fig. 2

Brinkmann 2007

19, 23

Heydenreich 2007 B

Heydenreich 2007 A

27, 57, 60, 61, 66, 67, 75, 88, 89, 100, 102, 108, 109, 112, 113, 120, 134, 150, 174, 182, 185, 187, 190, 199, 205, 210, 215,

219, 253, 256, 292, 303, 306, 307, 308-311, 326

Marx, Mössinger, Roth 2005

Marx 2005

90, 97-107, 109-111

29.1

Figs. 12-14, 17-19, 23, 25, 26, 32, 33

Kolb 2005 C

533, 541-546, 548, 549, 551, 552, 554-560

Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005

378-387

29.3

Pl. p. 378

Schölzel 2005

182-185, 187, 190, 191

Figs. 85, 89, 90

Kolb 2005 A

144, 145, 162, 164, 166, 173 Fn. 259, 262

Exhib. Cat. Hamburg 2003

166, 170

Foister 2003

118

Schade 2003

Schlegel 2003

Exhib. Cat. London 2002

144-147

Exhib. Cat. Eisenach 1998

103, 106-112

No. 13.1

Figs. 13.1, 13.1.1e, 13.1.2a-b

Sandner 1998 B

87, 89, 91, 92

Heydenreich 1998 A

186, 188, 192, 198

Grimm 1998

71-75, 77

Fig. 9.10

Schuchardt 1998 B

Marx 1996 A

Giebe, Schölzel 1996

63-88

Sandner 1995

52-57

Thümmel 1994

170, 171

Hambrecht 1994

53, 54

Exhib. Cat. Kronach 1994

300, 356, 371

Sandner 1994

197-200

Erichsen 1994 B

181, 182

Fig. A120

Sandner, Ritschel 1994

187-189, 191

Fig. A133

Schade, Schuttwolf 1994

29, 52

Schuchardt 1994

76-78

Grimm 1994

31, 35, 38

Figs. A18, A24, A25, A26

Cat. Dresden 1992

155, 156

Riemann 1980

116, 117, 151, 152

Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979

68, 69

No. 12

Fig. 12

Exhib. Cat. Basel 1974

48, 51, 255, 268, 552

under No. 414

Schade 1974

24, 25

Mahn 1972

Lüdecke 1972

20, 21

Gronau 1972

Behrend 1967

Alpatow 1966

Menz 1962

152, 153

Maedebach 1961

No. 2

Aragon, Cocteau 1957

27, 141

Balzer 1956

Lüdecke 1953 B

Rudloff-Hille 1953 A

Rudloff-Hille 1953 B

14, 15

Posse 1943

13, 14, 52, 53

Posse 1942

13, 14, 52, 53

Lilienfein 1942

21-23

Cat. Dresden 1937

Nos. 69, 70 (Bd. 1)

Exhib. Cat. Dresden 1937

Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1937

No. 10

Posse 1936

Friedländer, Rosenberg 1932

12-14

Kaemmerer 1931/32

Heyck 1927

75, 76

Glaser 1923

42-46

Loßnitzer 1912

Heyck 1908

Cat. Dresden 1905

614, 615

Flechsig 1900 A

82, 83, 85, 252

Exhib. Cat. Dresden 1899

Nos. 2, 3

Cat. Dresden 1892

200, 201

Cat. Dresden 1887

No. 1960

Lindau 1883

Schäfer 1860

862-866

Waagen 1858

39, 40

Hübner 1856

No. 1659

Schuchardt 1851 C

Cat. Leipzig 1837

No. 196

Cat. Dresden 1835

Nos. 69, 70 (Bd. 1)

Related Works:

Similar Motifs:
DE_KsDW_I-186
Sts Barbara, Ursula and Margaretha [Copy of the retabel of St Catherine, interior of right wing]
Kulturstiftung Dessau Wörlitz, Gotisches Haus (The Gothic House)

Material / Technique:

Date: 13.10.2010
Technical examination / Scientific analysis
Infrared reflectography

Underdrawing

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Date: 2007
Technical examination / Scientific analysis

Support
[Heydenreich 2007 A, 57, 60, 61, 66]

Ground and Imprimatura
[Heydenreich 2007 A, 88, 89, 100, 102]

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Date: 2005
Technical examination / Scientific analysis
Infrared reflectography

Underdrawing
The underdrawing , which was executed with a brush reveals the artist’s struggles to finalize the composition and forms; it exhibits linear contours and a detailed drawing of the main features within the forms with little use of cross-hatching eg. the cheek of St Barbara; radical changes were made in the painted version of St Ursula's head (originally facing right and inclined)

[Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

Further literature:
[Gronau 1972]
[Riemann 1980, 116, 117, 151, 152]
[Sandner, Ritschel 1994]
[Sandner 1994]
[Sandner 1995]
[Giebe, Schölzel 1996, 67-71]
[Sandner 1998, 106-113]
[Bomford, Exhib. Cat. London 2002, 144-147]
[Schölzel 2005, 182-185]
[Heydenreich 2007 A, 108, 109]

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Date: 2005
Technical examination / Scientific analysis

Framing
- new frame: bare oak wood frame, mid 20th century
[Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

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Date: 2003
Technical examination / Scientific analysis

Support
- lime wood
- 0.26-0.4 cm thick (thinned)
- 10 horizontal planks

[Schlegel 2003, 2][1]
[1][Schlegel, Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

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Date: 2001
Technical examination / Scientific analysis
Infrared reflectography

Underdrawing

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Date: 1996
Technical examination / Scientific analysis

Support
[Giebe, Schölzel 1996, 63-65]

Ground and Imprimatura
[Giebe, Schölzel 1996, 65-66]

Underdrawing
[Giebe, Schölzel 1996, 67-71]

Paint Layers and Gilding
[Giebe, Schölzel 1996, 71-84]

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Date: 1995
Technical examination / Scientific analysis
Infrared reflectography

Underdrawing

photographed by: Ingo Sandner

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Date: 27.10.1993
Technical examination / Scientific analysis
X-radiography

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Condition Reports:

Date: 2003

Support: - marks from a toothed plane - square exposed area at the bottom - cradle consisting of eleven vertical and five cross-battens - the bottom plank is reconstructed in part - the joins are reinforced with paper - splits on the right edge are reinforced with wooden blocks - reddish glaze on the reverse and the cradle Painted surface: - woodworm damage, particularly along the joins - retouches (joins, splits) - later addition in the bottom right corner - paint layers abraded (dragon) - prominent craquelée with small paint lossses and retouches - old, glossy varnish [Schlegel 2003, 9][1] [1][Schlegel, Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

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Date: 27.02.1991

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History of Restoration:

Date: 1966

[GGAM, Abt. Restaurierung, Meldung][1] [1][Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

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Date: 1965

[GGAM, Abt. Restaurierung, Meldung][1] [1][Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378] see also pdf

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Date: 1957

[GGAM, Abt. Restaurierung, Restaurierungsprotokoll, Meldung][1] [1][Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378] see also pdf

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Date: 1930 - 20.11.1934

[Sächs, HStADD, 13458 SKD, GG Nr. 8, Bd. 6, Bl. 138, 200, 202, 208, 209, 213, 221, 223, 224, 229][1] [1][Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378] see also pdf

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Date: 1898

[Sächs, HStADD, 13458 SKD, GG Nr. 8, Bd. 6, Bl. 138, 140, 155][1] [1][Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

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Date: 1877

[Sächs, HStADD, 13458 SKD, GG Nr. 8, Bd. 8 a, Bl. 167; Bd. 8 b, Bl. 83][1] [1][Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

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Date: 1872

[Sächs, HStADD, 13458 SKD, GG Nr. 8, Bd. 4 Bl. 17][1] [1][Schölzel, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz 2005, 378]

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Similar Motifs:
	DE_KsDW_I-186 Sts Barbara, Ursula and Margaretha [Copy of the retabel of St Catherine, interior of right wing] Kulturstiftung Dessau Wörlitz, Gotisches Haus (The Gothic House)