The penitent St Jerome

The penitent St Jerome

Titles

The penitent St Jerome

[CDA 2011]

St Jerome in the Desert

[Exhib. Cat. Frankfurt 2007, No. 3]

Painting on limewood (Tilia sp.)

Medium

Painting on limewood (Tilia sp.)

[Klein, Report 2013]
[Kunsthistorisches Museum, revised 2011]

Saint Jerome is depicted naked from the waist up, kneeling in front of a crucifix in a woody landscape, with a lion at his feet. In his right hand he holds a stone and with his left he scratches his beard. In the background there are houses and a view

Saint Jerome is depicted naked from the waist up, kneeling in front of a crucifix in a woody landscape, with a lion at his feet. In his right hand he holds a stone and with his left he scratches his beard. In the background there are houses and a view of a distant mountainous landscape.

[Tüchler, Schütz, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna 2011]

Attribution
Lucas Cranach the Elder

Attribution

Lucas Cranach the Elder

[Exhib. Cat. Vienna 2022, no. 6]
[Kunsthistorisches Museum, revised 2011]
[Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979, 66, no. 4]
[Exhib. Cat. Basel 1974/1976, 121, 142, 443, 488]
[Baldass 1928]
[Fischer 1907, 71]

Production date
1502

Production date

1502

[dated]

Dimensions
Dimensions of support: 56 (l.)- 55.9 (r.) cm x 41.4 cm

Dimensions

  • Dimensions of support: 56 (l.)- 55.9 (r.) cm x 41.4 cm

  • (the support has ben thinned and cradled)

  • Dimensions of the painted surface: correspond with those of the support

  • Dimensions including the frame: 69 x 55 x 5 cm

  • [Kunsthistorisches Museum, revised 2011]

Signature / Dating

bottom, centre, dated: '1502'

Signature / Dating

  • bottom, centre, dated: '1502'

  • [Kunsthistorisches Museum, revised 2011]

Inscriptions and Labels

Reverse of the panel/cradle:

  • on the central vertical member of the cradle, from top to bottom:
    printed paper label: 'Cranach …

Inscriptions and Labels

Stamps, Seals, Labels:

  • Reverse of the panel/cradle:

    • on the central vertical member of the cradle, from top to bottom:

  • printed paper label: 'Cranach Ausstellung 1937, Deutsches Museum Berlin, Wien I., Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 5, Hl. Hieronymus' (bottom right corner torn), on the top left corner, in red paint: '1(?)8'

    • beneath this:

  • Inventory stamp: 'GJ 1949'

    • beneath this:

  • Inventory label: 'Direktion der Gemäldegalerie, Wien I., Burgring Nr. 5, 6739'

  • [Kunsthistorisches Museum, revised 2011]

Owner
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
Repository
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
Location
Vienna
CDA ID
AT_KHM_GG6739
FR (1978) Nr.
FR004
Persistent Link
https://lucascranach.org/en/AT_KHM_GG6739/

Provenance

  • probably originally from the monastery of Mondsee
  • recorded in the Bishop's residence, Linz, Upper Austria
  • 1927 acquired from there by the Kunsthistorische Museum, Vienna

[Kunsthistorisches Museum, revised 2011]

Exhibitions

Berlin 1937, no. 4
Munich 1938, 74-75, no. 391, Fig. 6
Vienna 1972, no. 2
Frankfurt 2007, no. 3
Düsseldorf 2017, no. 2
Winterthur/Vienna 2022, no. 6

Literature

Reference on page Catalogue Number Figure / Plate
Exhib. Cat. Vienna 2022 82, 83, 140, 141 006 Fig. p. 82
EditorGuido Messling, Kerstin Richter
TitleCranach. Die Anfänge in Wien [Winterthur, Sammlung Oskar Reinhart, 12.03-12.06.2022; Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum, 21.06-16.10.2022]
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2022
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Innsbruck 2018 44, 250 001
EditorTiroler Landesmuseen-Betriebsgesellschaft mbH, Dr. Wolfgang Meighörner
TitleCranach Natürlich. Hieronymus in der Wildnis
Place of PublicationInnsbruck
Year of Publication2018
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Düsseldorf 2017 102 No. 2
EditorGunnar Heydenreich, Daniel Görres, Beat Wismer
TitleLucas Cranach der Ältere. Meister - Marke - Moderne. [anlässlich der Ausstellung "Cranach. Meister - Marke - Moderne", Stiftung Museum Kunstpalast, Düsseldorf, 08. April 2017 - 30. Juli 2017]
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2017
Show Literature
Bonnet, Görres 2015 20-21 4 p. 21
AuthorAnne-Marie Bonnet, Daniel Görres
TitleLucas Cranach d. Ä. - Maler der Deutschen Renaissance
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2015
Show Literature
Wadum 2015 196, Fn. 19 Fig. 5
AuthorJorgen Wadum
TitleCranach, His Sons, and Their Workshop. the Never-ending Problem of Hands (Part I)
Publicationin Elke A. Werner, Anne Eusterschulte, Gunnar Heydenreich, eds., Lucas Cranach der Jüngere und die Reformation der Bilder
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2015
Pages191-199
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Frankfurt 2014 52-53 10 p. 53
EditorStefan Roller, Jochen Sander
TitleFantastische Welten. Albrecht Altdorfer und das Expressive in der Kunst um 1500, [Frankfurt, Städel Museum, 5 Nov 2014 - 8 Feb 2015; Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum, 17 Mar 2015 - 14 Jun 2015]
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2014
Show Literature
Bonnet, Kopp-Schmidt, Görres 2010 136-137 4
AuthorAnne-Marie Bonnet, Gabriele Kopp-Schmidt, Daniel Görres
TitleDie Malerei der deutschen Renaissance
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2010
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Brussels 2010 104
EditorBozarbooks & Lannoo, Guido Messling
TitleDie Welt des Lucas Cranach. Ein Künstler im Zeitalter von Dürer, Tizian und Metsys [anlässlich der Ausstellung "Die Welt des Lucas Cranach", Palast der Schönen Künste, Brüssel, 20. Oktober 2010 - 23. Januar 2011]
Place of PublicationBrussels
Year of Publication2010
Show Literature
Kunz 2010 82
AuthorArmin Kunz
TitleAnmerkungen zu Cranach als Graphiker
Publicationin Guido Messling, ed., Die Welt des Lucas Cranach. Ein Künstler im Zeitalter von Dürer, Tizian und Metsys, Exhib. Cat. Brussels
Place of PublicationBrussels
Year of Publication2010
Pages80-93
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Frankfurt 2007 118-119 3 p. 119
EditorBodo Brinkmann
TitleCranach der Ältere, [Frankfurt, Städel Museum, 23 Nov 2007 - 17 Feb 2008]
Place of PublicationOstfildern
Year of Publication2007
Show Literature
Heydenreich 2007 B 35
AuthorGunnar Heydenreich
Title"... dass Du mit wunderbarer Schnelligkeit malest". Virtuosität und Effizienz in der künstlerischen Praxis Lucas Cranachs d. Ä.
Publicationin Bodo Brinkmann, ed., Cranach der Ältere, Exhib. Cat. FrankfurtA
Place of PublicationOstfildern
Year of Publication2007
Pages29-47
Show Literature
Stadlober 2006 164-175
AuthorMargit Stadlober
TitleDer Wald in der Malerei und der Graphik des Donaustils
SeriesArs viva
Volume10
Place of PublicationVienna, Böhlau
Year of Publication2006
Show Literature
Schölzel 2005 197 Fn. 5
AuthorChristoph Schölzel
TitleZeichnungen unter der Farbschicht. Zu den Unterzeichnungen von Cranachs Gemälden in der Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister und in der Rüstkammer Dresden
Publicationin Harald Marx, Ingrid Mössinger, Karin Kolb, eds., Cranach. Gemälde aus Dresden, Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz
Place of PublicationCologne
Year of Publication2005
Pages182-197
Show Literature
Rosenauer, Fillitz 2003 405, 477, 481 No. 246 Plate p. 131
AuthorA. Rosenauer, H. Fillitz
TitleSpätmittelalter und Renaissance: Geschichte der bildenden Kunst in Österreich
Volume1-6
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2003
Show Literature
Bierende 2002 16 Fig. 9
AuthorEdgar Bierende
TitleLucas Cranach d.Ä. und der deutsche Humanismus. Tafelmalerei im Kontext von Rhetorik, Chroniken und Fürstenspiegeln
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication2002
Show Literature
Heiser 2002 passim
AuthorSabine Heiser
TitleDas Frühwerk Lucas Cranachs des Älteren. Wien um 1500 - Dresden um 1900
SeriesNeue Forschungen zur Deutschen Kunst
Volume6
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication2002
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Eisenach 1998 150-152 No. 17.1 Figs 17.1, 17.1.a-d
EditorWartburg-Stiftung, Eisenach, Fachhochschule , Ingo Sandner
TitleUnsichtbare Meisterzeichnungen auf dem Malgrund. Cranach und seine Zeitgenossen. Ausstellungskatalog und Tagungsband Katalogteil 1; 2: Werkstatt und Schüler Cranachs; 3: Süddeutsche Meister; 4: Albrecht Dürer und sein Kreis; 5: Rheinische Meister
Place of PublicationRegensburg
Year of Publication1998
Pages229-240
Show Literature
Heydenreich 1998 A 182, 194, 195, 197 Fig. 21.16
AuthorGunnar Heydenreich
TitleHerstellung, Grundierung und Rahmung der Holzbildträger in den Werkstätten Lucas Cranachs d.Ä.
Publicationin Ingo Sandner, Wartburg-Stiftung Eisenach and Fachhochschule Köln, eds., Unsichtbare Meisterzeichnungen auf dem Malgrund. Cranach und seine Zeitgenossen, Exhib. Cat. Eisenach
Place of PublicationRegensburg
Year of Publication1998
Pages181-200
Show Literature
Sandner 1998 B 85
AuthorIngo Sandner
TitleCranach als Zeichner auf dem Malgrund
Publicationin Ingo Sandner, Wartburg-Stiftung Eisenach and Fachhochschule Köln, eds., Unsichtbare Meisterzeichnungen auf dem Malgrund. Cranach und seine Zeitgenossen, Exhib. Cat. Eisenach
Place of PublicationRegensburg
Year of Publication1998
Pages83-95
Show Literature
Reiter 1994 42, Fn. 20
AuthorCornelia Reiter
TitleDie Geschichte der Gemäldesammlung des Schottenstiftes
Publicationin Alfred Brogyányi, ed., Festschrift zur Eröffnung des Museums im Schottenstift
Place of PublicationVienna
Year of Publication1994
Pages39-44
Show Literature
Dülberg 1990 164-165, 298 344 Fig. 340
AuthorAngelica Dülberg
TitlePrivatporträts. Geschichte und Ikonologie einer Gattung im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication1990
Show Literature
Friedmann 1980 115-118, 277 Fig. 93
AuthorHerbert Friedmann
TitleA bestiary for Saint Jerome: animal symbolism in European religious art
Place of PublicationWashington
Year of Publication1980
Show Literature
Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979 66 No. 4 Fig. 4
AuthorMax J. Friedländer, Jakob Rosenberg
EditorG. Schwartz
TitleDie Gemälde von Lucas Cranach
Place of PublicationBasel, Boston, Stuttgart
Year of Publication1979
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Basel 1974/1976 121, 142, 443, 488
AuthorDieter Koepplin, Tilman Falk
TitleLukas Cranach. Gemälde, Zeichnungen und Druckgraphik
Volume1, 2
Place of PublicationBasel, Stuttgart
Year of Publication1974
Link http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-diglit-104522
Show Literature
Schade 1974 15, 17, Fn. 59 Plate 8
AuthorWerner Schade
TitleDie Malerfamilie Cranach
Place of PublicationDresden
Year of Publication1974
Link http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/schade1974
Show Literature
Koepplin 1973 A 39, Fn. 98
AuthorDieter Koepplin
TitleCranachs Ehebildnis des Johannes Cuspinian von 1502. Seine christlich-humanistische Bedeutung
Place of PublicationDüsseldorf
Year of Publication1973
Link https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.9938
Show Literature
Benesch 1972 C 347-348
AuthorOtto Benesch
TitleThe Rise of Landscape in the Austrian School of Painting
Publicationin Eva Benesch, ed., Collected Writings of Otto Benesch. Vol. 3. German and Austrian Art of the 15th and 16th Centuries
Volume3
Place of PublicationNew York, London
Year of Publication1972
Pages338-352
Show Literature
Perger 1966 74
AuthorRichard Perger
TitleNeue Hypothesen zur Frühzeit des Malers Lukas Cranach des Älteren
JournalWiener Geschichtsblätter
IssueJg. 21, H. 3
Year of Publication1966
Pages70-77
Show Literature
Bernhard, Rogner 1965 52, 138 (No. 4) Fig. 60
AuthorMarianne Bernhard, Klaus P. Rogner
TitleVerlorene Werke der Malerei. In Deutschland in der Zeit von 1939 bis 1945 zerstörte und verschollene Gemälde
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication1965
Show Literature
Grote 1965 166, Fn. 19
AuthorLudwig Grote
TitleDürer Studien
JournalZeitschrift des deutschen Vereins für Kunstwissenschaft
Issue19
Year of Publication1965
Pages151-169
Show Literature
Cat. Vienna 1963 No. 104
Authorn. a.
TitleKatalog der Gemäldegalerie. 2, Vlamen, Holländer, Deutsche, Franzosen
SeriesFührer durch das Kunsthistorische Museum
Volume8/2
Place of PublicationVienna
Year of Publication1963
Show Literature
Ruhmer 1963 7, 86 Plate 3
AuthorEberhard Ruhmer
TitleCranach
Place of PublicationCologne
Year of Publication1963
Show Literature
Jahn 1953 A 28 Fig. 17
AuthorJohannes Jahn
TitleDer Weg des Künstlers
Publicationin Heinz Lüdecke, ed., Lucas Cranach d. Ä. im Spiegel seiner Zeit. Aus Urkunden, Chroniken, Briefen, Reden und Gedichten
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication1953
Pages17-81
Show Literature
Benesch 1938 C 13
AuthorOtto Benesch
TitleZur altösterreichischen Tafelmalerei: Die Anfänge Lukas Cranachs
JournalJahrbuch der Kunsthistorischen Sammlungen in Wien
IssueN.F. 12
Year of Publication1938
Show Literature
Bucher 1938 74-75 No. 391 Fig. 6
EditorE. Bucher
TitleAlbrecht Altdorfer und sein Kreis: Gedächtnisausstellung zum 400. Todesjahr Altdorfers
Year of Publication1938
Show Literature
Cat. Vienna 1938 No. 1788
Authorn. a.
TitleKunsthistorisches Museum: Katalog der Gemäldegalerie
SeriesFührer durch das Kunsthistorische Museum
Volume8
Place of PublicationVienna
IssueSecond edition
Year of Publication1938
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1937 13, 14 004 Pl. 8
EditorStaatliche Museen, Berlin
TitleLucas Cranach d. Ä. und Lucas Cranach d. J. Gemälde, Zeichnungen, Graphik
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication1937
Show Literature
Baldass 1928 76
AuthorLudwig Baldass
TitleCranachs Büssender Hieronymus von 1502
JournalJahrbuch der Preußischen Kunstsammlungen
Issue49
Year of Publication1928
Pages76-81
Show Literature
Baldass 1922 B 80
AuthorLudwig Baldass
TitleDie altösterreichischen Tafelbilder der Wiener Gemäldegalerie
JournalWiener Jahrbuch für bildende Kunst
IssueJg. 5
Year of Publication1922
Pages67-86
Show Literature
Frimmel 1917 104-105
AuthorTheodor von Frimmel
TitleDie Gemäldesammlung des Wiener Schottenstiftes
JournalStudien und Skizzen zur Gemäldekunde
IssueJg. III. Band, H. I. und II. Lieferung (Jänner 1917)
Year of Publication1917
Pages101-108
Show Literature
Fischer 1907 71
AuthorOtto Fischer
TitleRezension von: Hermann Voss, Der Ursprung des Donaustils, Leipzig 1907
JournalKunstgeschichtliche Anzeigen
IssueJg. 4, H. 2-4
Year of Publication1907
Pages66-76
Show Literature
  • The penitent St Jerome, 1502

Images

Compare images
  • overall
  • overall
  • overall
  • reverse
  • irr
  • x_radiograph
  • x_radiograph

Documents

Technical studies

08.04.2013Scientific analysis

  • Identification of wood species / Dendrochronology

Support

Identification of wood species: limewood (Tilia sp.)

  • analysed by Peter Klein

17.10.2008Technical examination / Scientific analysis

  • X-radiography
  • x_radiograph
  • created by Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

08.02.2008Technical examination / Scientific analysis

  • Infrared reflectography
  • irr

Underdrawing

Description

Tools /Materials:

- pointed brush and possibly quill (in the head and parts of St Jerome’s body); a fluid black drawing medium

Type/Ductus:

- sketchy line drawing

- lines of varying widths were executed freehand

- curved and straight thin lines as well as broader angular lines; occasional hatching strokes

Function:

- binding for the figure of St Jerome and the crucified Christ, elsewhere rough indication for the final painted version; the curved and straight thin lines describe details in the figure of St Jerome and Christ and define forms in the landscape; the broader angular lines delineate contours and define form; occasional hatching strokes represent volume

Deviations:

- the painted version exhibits only minor alterations in the landscape to clearly define form

Interpretation

Attribution:

- Lucas Cranach the Elder

[cda, 2012]

  • photographed by Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

Citing from the Cranach Digital Archive

Entry with author
<author's name>, 'The penitent St Jerome', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/AT_KHM_GG6739/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})
Entry with no author
'The penitent St Jerome', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document, entry or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/AT_KHM_GG6739/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})

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