An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [right fixed wing]: St Barbara

An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [right fixed wing]: St Barbara

Title

An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [right fixed wing]: St Barbara

[cda 2015]

Painting on pine wood

Medium

Painting on pine wood

[Documentation D. Jakob 2014]

St Barbara is depicted as a full-length figure against a dark background. She holds a chalice in her hands and her other attribute - the tower - is shown in the background.

Attributions
Master of the Mittenwald Retable
Anonymous Master from the Cranach Workshop

Attributions

Master of the Mittenwald Retable

[Heydenreich 2016, 143]

Anonymous Master from the Cranach Workshop

[Heydenreich, cda 2015]

Lucas Cranach the Elder (and Workshop)

[Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979, 79, No. 47B]

Production date
1514

Production date

1514

[dated]

Dimensions
Dimensions of painted surface: 157.7 x 67.5 cm

Dimensions

  • Dimensions of painted surface: 157.7 x 67.5 cm

  • Dimensions including frame: 169 x 78.7 cm

  • [Documentation D. Jakob 2014]

Signature / Dating
  • dated on the left moveable wing

Signature / Dating

    • dated on the left moveable wing

  • [Documentation D. Jakob 2014]

Owner
Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Mittenwalde
Repository
St. Moritzkirche Mittenwalde
Location
Mittenwalde
CDA ID
DE_MKM_NONE-MKM001D
FR (1978) Nr.
FR047B
Persistent Link
https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_MKM_NONE-MKM001D/

Overall view of the piece
Connected Works

An Altarpiece from the St. Moritz Church [left wing]: The Annunciation
  • An Altarpiece from the St. Moritz Church [left wing]: The Annunciation, 1514
  • DE_MKM_NONE-MKM001A
  • Painting
  • Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Mittenwalde
An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [right wing]: The Annunciation
  • An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [right wing]: The Annunciation, 1514
  • DE_MKM_NONE-MKM001B
  • Painting
  • Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Mittenwalde
An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [left fixed wing]: St Elizabeth
  • An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [left fixed wing]: St Elizabeth, 1514
  • DE_MKM_NONE-MKM001C
  • Painting
  • Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Mittenwalde
An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [predella]: Veronica
  • An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [predella]: Veronica, 1514
  • DE_MKM_NONE-MKM001E
  • Painting
  • Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Mittenwalde

Provenance

  • 1514 donated by the Electress Elisabeth of Brandenburg
    [Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979, 79, No. 47B]

Literature

Reference on page Catalogue Number Figure / Plate
Heydenreich 2017 A 76-77
AuthorGunnar Heydenreich
TitleCranach? Fragen der Zuschreibung im Lichte kunsttechnologischer Untersuchungen
Publicationin Gunnar Heydenreich, Daniel Görres, Beat Wismer, eds., Lucas Cranach der Ältere. Meister - Marke - Moderne. [Exhib. Cat. Düsseldorf 2017]
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2017
Link https://lucascranach.org/application/files/7316/7870/1704/Heydenreich_2017_Cranach_Fragen_der_Zuschreibung.pdf
Pages72-81
Show Literature
Heydenreich 2016
AuthorGunnar Heydenreich
TitleDas Mittenwalder Retabel (1514). Die Malerei im Spiegel der Cranach-Forschung
Publicationin, Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum ed., Flügelaltäre um 1515 - Höhepunkte mittelalterlicher Kunst in Brandenburg und in den Nachbarregionen
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication2016
Link https://lucascranach.org/application/files/7616/7870/1703/Heydenreich_2016_Das_Mittenwalder_Retabel.pdf
Pages138-153
Show Literature
Knüvener 2011 227-228
AuthorPeter Knüvener
TitleDie spätmittelalterliche Skulptur und Malerei in der Mark Brandenburg
VolumeBd. 14
JournalForschungen und Beiträge zur Denkmalpflege im Land Brandenburg
Place of PublicationWorms
Year of Publication2011
Pages221-229
Show Literature
Müller 2008 A
AuthorMathias Müller
EditorErnst Badstübner, Peter Knüvener, Dirk Schumann
TitleOrdenslehre und Fürstenmemoria. Bildform und Bildkonzept des dominikanischen Altarretabels von Mittenwalde bei Berlin
Publicationin Ernst Badstübner, ed., Die Kunst des Mittelalters in der Mark Brandenburg. Tradition - Transformation - Innovation
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication2008
Pages348-362
Show Literature
Cardenas, Schumann 2004
AuthorLivia Cárdenas, Dirk Schumann
TitleDas mittelalterliche Altaretabel der Moritzkirche in Mittenwalde
Year of Publication2004
Show Literature
Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979 79 047B
AuthorMax J. Friedländer, Jakob Rosenberg
EditorG. Schwartz
TitleDie Gemälde von Lucas Cranach
Place of PublicationBasel, Boston, Stuttgart
Year of Publication1979
Show Literature

Research History / Discussion

Like the altarpiece in Neustadt the winged altarpiece in Mittenwalde exhibits a fairly puristic rendition of the Cranach style from this period, but was probably executed with some workshop participation.

[Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979, 79, No. 47B]

The artist who executed the Mittenwald Retable was trained in Cranach’s workshop and made use of his templates and preparatory material. He also drew on Dürer prints as inspiration for his compositions. However, a technical examination of this work does not suggest that it was produced in the workshop. The altarpiece was commissioned by Elizabeth of Brandenburg and was probably originally intended for a location in Berlin. The examination results support the theory that it was created in a workshop based in Berlin. A relationship with the Bernau retable should be explored within this context. It would also be of interest to discover whether a workshop in Berlin closely associated with Cranach’s workshop in Wittenberg. Numerous similarities in technique and style with a work in a private collection in Oslo (http://lucascranach.org/PRIVATE_NONE-P142a) suggest that this retable, which depicts the Adoration was painted by the same artist two years later. As Friedrich III is shown on this painting future research should attempt to discover more about the commission and explore the relationship between the Master of the Mittenwald Retable and the electors of Saxony.

[Heydenreich 2016, 149-150]

  • An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [right fixed wing]: St Barbara, 1514

Images

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  • uv_light
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  • conservation
  • conservation
  • conservation
  • conservation

Technical studies

07. 2014Technical examination / Scientific analysis

  • Infrared reflectography
  • irr
  • irr

Underdrawing

DESCRIPTION

Tools/Material:

- fluid black medium, brush

Type/Ductus:

- relatively freehand underdrawing

- thin lines

Function:

- relatively binding for the final painted version; lines delineate the main contours and define facial features; no representation of volume with hatching-strokes

Deviations:

- minor alterations made during the painting process to clearly define form; small changes

INTERPRETATION

Attribution:

- an assistant in the Cranach workshop

[Sandner, Smith-Contini, Heydenreich, cda 2015]

  • photographed by Gunnar Heydenreich
  • photographed by Ingo Sandner

01.05.2014 - Scientific analysis

  • Identification of wood species / Dendrochronology

Support

pine wood

  • analysed by Dr. Thilo Schöfbeck

01. 2014Technical examination / Scientific analysis

  • UV-light photography
  • uv_light

2009 - Technical Examination

  • Stereomicroscopy

Support

- pine wood, 3 planks with numerous knots, these were reinforce with canvas applications

- the joins were reinforced with strips of canvas; this observation could only be verified on the fixed wings where the paint layers had been removed from the reverse

- smoothed on both sides in preparation for the paint layers, a block pplane was not used

Ground and Imprimatura

- a thin ground application (c. 1mm). There is a barb along the edges closest to the frame. The new frame on the fixed wings has made this more visible and shows the original area of the painted surface. In raking light marks from a spatula used to smooth the ground are visible. Analysis was not carried out to establish the composition of the ground.

- a light umbra coloured imprimatura is visible in areas where the paint was applied as a glaze.

Underdrawing

- the underdrawing was executed with a brush and black ink (visible in IR). The painted version diviates somewhat from the underdrawing.

Paint Layers and Gilding

- glazed to opaque applicationof paint layers

Framing

not original

[Documentation Dirk Jacob 2014]

  • examined by Grit Jehmlich

Conservation History

Date20.01.2015 -

  • minor conservation treatment in the 20th century

[Documentation Dirk Jacob 2014]

Date2012 - 2014

  • the extensive overpaint on the panel paintings from 1861 was removed.
  • conservation treatment by Grit Jehmlich
  • written by Dirk Jacob

Date1959 -

  • the frames of the fixed wings were in part reconstructed in 1959.

[Documentation Dirk Jacob 2014]

Date1861 - 1862

  • restoration of the retable and the paintings (extensively overpainted).

[Documentation Dirk Jacob 2014]

Citing from the Cranach Digital Archive

Entry with author
<author's name>, 'An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [right fixed wing]: St Barbara', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_MKM_NONE-MKM001D/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})
Entry with no author
'An Altarpiece from St. Moritz Church [right fixed wing]: St Barbara', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document, entry or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_MKM_NONE-MKM001D/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})

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