Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Annunciation [right wing, verso]

Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Annunciation [right wing, verso]

Painting on limewood (Tilia sp.)

Medium

Painting on limewood (Tilia sp.)

[Löcher, Cat. Nuremberg 1997, 166]
[Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1937, no. 153]

Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart. The panel illustrates the central lutheran subjects of sin, faith and mercy. The heart shape alludes to the Love of Christ. The unique shape was chosen by the client.

Right wing, exterior. Originally reverse of the Resurrection of Christ:

The Archangel Gabriel announces the

Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart. The panel illustrates the central lutheran subjects of sin, faith and mercy. The heart shape alludes to the Love of Christ. The unique shape was chosen by the client.

Right wing, exterior. Originally reverse of the Resurrection of Christ:

The Archangel Gabriel announces the birth of Christ to the Virgin. She kneels in front of a prayer stool. One of the open books is facing the viewer. The Holy Spirit depicted as a dove hovers above the Virgin. In front of her is a vase of lilies, columbine and lilies of the valley. Behind the ballustrade there is a four-poster bed.

[Löcher, Cat. Nuremberg 1997, 166]

[Display label, GNM 2010]

Attribution
Lucas Cranach the Younger (and workshop)

Attribution

Lucas Cranach the Younger (and workshop)

[Löcher, Cat. Nuremberg 1997, 166]
"Gesamtentwurf geht auf Lucas Cranach d. J. zurück [... aber diese Tafel] ist von einer anderen Hand." [Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1937, no. 153]
'Der Meister selbst malte die Mitteltafel und Teile der Geburt Christi. Nur einer Gesellenhand traute er die Auferstehung zu. Die Flügelaußenseiten gab er einem weiteren Gesellen, der sich vielleicht an Werken niederländischer Manieristen geschult hatte.'[Zimmermann 1924/25, 171-176, Abb. 72, 73, 74]

Production date
1584
Dimensions
Dimensions of support: 159 x 63 cm

Dimensions

  • Dimensions of support: 159 x 63 cm

  • [Löcher, Cat. Nuremberg 1997, 166]

Signature / Dating

None

Owner
Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
Repository
Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
Location
Nuremberg
CDA ID
DE_GNMN_Gm1116d
FR (1978) Nr.
FR-none
Persistent Link
https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_GNMN_Gm1116d/

Overall view of the piece
Connected Works

Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Crucifixion [central panel]
  • Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Crucifixion [central panel], 1584
  • DE_GNMN_Gm1116a
  • Painting
  • Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Nativity [left wing, recto]
  • Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Nativity [left wing, recto], 1584
  • DE_GNMN_Gm1116b
  • Painting
  • Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Fall of Man [left wing, verso]
  • Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Fall of Man [left wing, verso], 1584
  • DE_GNMN_Gm1116c
  • Painting
  • Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Resurrection of Christ [right wing, recto]
  • Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Resurrection of Christ [right wing, recto], 1584
  • DE_GNMN_Gm1116e
  • Painting
  • Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg

Provenance

  • from the church in the Castle of Colditz bei Grimma
  • at the beginning of the 19th century it was in a private collection in Hamburg (Collection Kroger)
  • Flechtingen Palace, District of Gardelegen, Province of Saxony
  • acquired in 1925 from a private collection

[Löcher, Cat. Nuremberg 1997, 166]

Exhibitions

Berlin 1937, no. 153, Plate 119
Cappenberg 1951, no. 360
Nuremberg 1959, no. 140, Fig. 14, 15
Nuremberg 1983, no. 496, Fig.

Literature

Reference on page Catalogue Number Figure / Plate
Hübner 2023
AuthorDaniel Hübner
TitleEin Herz für Luther. Das Colditzer Retabel von Lucas Cranach d.J.
JournalKulturgut
IssueII. Quartal 2023, Heft 77
Year of Publication2023
Link https://www.gnm.de/fileadmin/redakteure/Kulturgut/2023/GNM_Kulturgut_2023_II.pdf
Pages13-19
Show Literature
Grebe 2015 319-328 Fig. 2
AuthorAnja Grebe
TitleDas 'sprechende' Retabel. Neue Überlegungen zum Colditzer Altar Lucas Cranachs des Jüngeren
Publicationin Elke E. Werner, Anne Eusterschulte, Gunnar Heydenreich, eds., Lucas Cranach der Jüngere und die Reformation der Bilder
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2015
Pages318-329
Show Literature
Herrschaft 2015 182
AuthorJana Herrschaft
TitleMaltechnik und Materialwahl Lucas Cranach des Jüngeren am Beispiel der Kanzelbilder in der Kapelle auf Schloss Augustusburg (Sachsen)
Publicationin Elke A. Werner, Anne Eusterschulte, Gunnar Heydenreich, eds., Lucas Cranach der Jüngere und die Reformation der Bilder
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2015
Link https://lucascranach.org/application/files/7016/2097/3068/Herrschaft_Heydenreich_2014_A_Lucretia_by_Cranach_the_Elder.pdf
Pages180-191
Show Literature
Lücke 2015 36, Fn. 37
AuthorMonika Lücke
TitleLucas Cranach der Jüngere als Unternehmer
Publicationin Elke A. Werner, Anne Eusterschulte, Gunnar Heydenreich, eds., Lucas Cranach der Jüngere und die Reformation der Bilder
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2015
Pages30-41
Show Literature
Sandner, Heydenreich, Smith-Contini 2015 137, 138, Fn. 81 Fig. 10b
AuthorGunnar Heydenreich, Ingo Sandner, Helen Smith-Contini
TitleVeränderungen beim Unterzeichnen in Cranachs Werkstatt und die Arbeitsweise von Sohn Lucas
Publicationin Elke A. Werner, Anne Eusterschulte, Gunnar Heydenreich, eds., Lucas Cranach der Jüngere und die Reformation der Bilder
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2015
Link https://lucascranach.org/application/files/5215/6337/7366/Heydenreich_Sandner_Smith-Contini_2015_-_Unterzeichnung.pdf
Pages128-141
Show Literature
Waterman 2015 286, Fn. 30
AuthorJoshua P. Waterman
TitleThe Artistic Emergence of Lucas Cranach the Younger
Publicationin Elke A. Werner, Anne Eusterschulte, Gunnar Heydenreich, eds., Lucas Cranach der Jüngere und die Reformation der Bilder
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2015
Pages280-289
Show Literature
Werner 2015 15
AuthorElke Anna Werner
TitleLucas Cranach der Jüngere und die Reformation der Bilder. Zur Einführung
Publicationin Elke A. Werner, Anne Eusterschulte, Gunnar Heydenreich, eds., Lucas Cranach der Jüngere und die Reformation der Bilder
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2015
Pages8-16
Show Literature
Cat.Hess, Hirschfelder, Bär 2010 297, 411 Fig. 260
AuthorFrank Bär
EditorDaniel Hess, Dagmar Hirschfelder, Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
TitleRenaissance. Barock. Aufklärung. Kunst und Kultur vom 16. bis zum 18. Jahrhundert
SeriesDie Schausammlungen des Germanischen Nationalmuseums
Volume3
Place of PublicationNuremberg
Year of Publication2010
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Nuremberg 2004 88-90
AuthorBarbara Dienst
EditingManfred Knedlik
TitleFaszination Meisterwerk. Dürer, Rembrandt ,Riemenschneider
Place of PublicationNuremberg
Year of Publication2004
Show Literature
Heydenreich 1998 A 182, 191
AuthorGunnar Heydenreich
TitleHerstellung, Grundierung und Rahmung der Holzbildträger in den Werkstätten Lucas Cranachs d.Ä.
Publicationin Ingo Sandner, Wartburg-Stiftung Eisenach and Fachhochschule Köln, eds., Unsichtbare Meisterzeichnungen auf dem Malgrund. Cranach und seine Zeitgenossen, Exhib. Cat. Eisenach
Place of PublicationRegensburg
Year of Publication1998
Pages181-200
Show Literature
Poscharsky 1998 21-39
EditorPeter Poscharsky
TitleDie Bilder in den Lutherischen Kirchen. Ikonographische Studie
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication1998
Show Literature
Sandner 1998 A 57
AuthorIngo Sandner
TitleZeichengeräte um 1500
Publicationin Ingo Sandner, Wartburg-Stiftung Eisenach and Fachhochschule Köln, eds., Unsichtbare Meisterzeichnungen auf dem Malgrund. Cranach und seine Zeitgenossen, Exhib. Cat. Eisenach
Place of PublicationRegensburg
Year of Publication1998
Pages51-60
Show Literature
Cat. Nuremberg 1997 166-172
AuthorKurt Löcher
TitleDie Gemälde des 16. Jahrhunderts. Germanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg
Place of PublicationOstfildern-Ruit
Year of Publication1997
Show Literature
Strieder 1994 A No. 254
AuthorPeter Strieder
EditorGermanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
TitleFührer durch die Sammlungen, Germanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication1994
Show Literature
Rosenfeld, Zindel 1993 320
AuthorJörg Rosenfeld, Christoph Zindel
TitleEin Holzrelief des späten 16. Jahrhunderts aus Wittenberg. Bemerkungen zu Lucas Cranach d.J. und Wolfgang Schreckenfuchs
JournalZeitschrift für Kunsttechnologie und Konservierung
Issue7
Year of Publication1993
Pages311-322
Show Literature
Koepplin 1988 81-82
AuthorDieter Koepplin
TitleKommet her zu mir alle. Das tröstliche Bild des Gekreuzigten nach dem Verständnis Luthers
Publicationin Kurt Löcher, ed., Martin Luther und die Reformation in Deutschland. Vorträge zur Ausstellung im Germanischen Nationalmuseum 1983, Wissenschaftliche Beibände zum Anzeiger des Germanischen Nationalmuseums, Bd. 8
Place of PublicationNuremberg
Year of Publication1988
Pages183-190
Show Literature
Löber 1988 63 Fig. 46
AuthorKarl Löber
TitleAgaleia. Erscheinung und Bedeutung der Akelei in der mittelalterlichen Kunst
Place of PublicationVienna, Cologne
Year of Publication1988
Show Literature
Bott 1985 No. 254
AuthorGerhard Bott
EditorGermanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
TitleFührer durch die Sammlungen, Germanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg
Place of PublicationNuremberg
Year of Publication1985
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Nuremberg 1983 No. 496
EditorGerhard Bott
TitleMartin Luther und die Reformation in Deutschland. Ausstellung zum 500. Geburtstag Martin Luthers
Place of PublicationFrankfurt a. M.
Year of Publication1983
Show Literature
Strieder 1980 No. 259
AuthorPeter Strieder, Leonie von Wilckens
EditorGermanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
TitleGermanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg. Führer durch die Sammlungen
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication1980
Show Literature
Roth 1978 442-444 Fig. 1
AuthorWalter Roth
TitleHautveränderungen in künstlerischen Darstellungen. III. Beispiele aus dem Germanischen Nationalmuseum Nürnberg
JournalDer Hautarzt
IssueBd. 29
Year of Publication1978
Pages442-444
Show Literature
Strieder 1977 No. 259
AuthorPeter Strieder, Leonie von Wilckens
EditorGermanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
TitleGermanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg. Führer durch die Sammlungen
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication1977
Show Literature
Schade 1974 95-96 Plate 254
AuthorWerner Schade
TitleDie Malerfamilie Cranach
Place of PublicationDresden
Year of Publication1974
Link http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/schade1974
Show Literature
Pilz 1970 299 No. 167
AuthorKurt Pilz
TitleDie St Nikolaus- und Ulrichskirche in Nürnberg - Mögeldorf. Ihre Geschichte und ihre Kunstwerke.
Place of PublicationNuremberg
Year of Publication1970
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Nuremberg 1959 No. 140 Fig. 14, 15
AuthorHerwarth Röttgen
EditorGermanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg
TitleAus der Frühzeit der evangelischen Kirche
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication1959
Show Literature
Zimmermann E. H. 1953 212-215 Fig. 3
AuthorErnst Heinrich Zimmermann
TitleBeiträge zum Werk Lucas Cranachs d. J.
JournalZeitschrift für Kunstwissenschaft
IssueVol. 7, 3/4
Year of Publication1953
Pages209-215
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Cappenberg 1951 No. 360
Authorn. a.
TitleDeutsche Kultur. Das Germanische Nationalmuseum zeigt Deutsche Kultur von der Spätgotik bis zum Rokoko [Museum für Kunst und Kulturgeschichte der Stadt Dortmund, Schloß Cappenberg]
Place of PublicationDortmund
Year of Publication1951
Show Literature
Cat. Nuremberg 1936/1937 46-47 Figs. 384, 385, 386
AuthorEberhard Lutze, Eberhard Wiegand
TitleKataloge des Germanischen Nationalmuseums zu Nürnberg. Die Gemälde des 13.-16. Jahrhunderts
Place of PublicationLeipzig
Year of Publication1937
Show Literature
Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1937 55 153 Pl. 119
EditorStaatliche Museen, Berlin
TitleLucas Cranach d. Ä. und Lucas Cranach d. J. Gemälde, Zeichnungen, Graphik
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication1937
Show Literature
Holst 1930 12
AuthorNiels von Holst
TitleDie deutsche Bildnismalerei zur Zeit des Manierismus
SeriesStudien zur deutschen Kunstgeschichte
Volume273
Place of PublicationStrasbourg
Year of Publication1930
Show Literature
Schultz 1927 74
AuthorFritz Traugott Schulz
TitleDas Germanische Museum von 1902 - 1927. Festschrift zur Feier seines 75jährigen Bestehens
SeriesAnzeiger des Germanischen Nationalmuseums
Place of PublicationNuremberg
Year of Publication1927
Show Literature
Zimmermann E. H. 1926 171-176 Figs. 72, 73, 74
AuthorErnst Heinrich Zimmermann
TitleEin herzförmiges Altarwerk Lucas Cranach des Jüngeren
Publicationin Fritz Traugott Schulz, ed., Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag von Dr. Theodor Hampe, Jahrgänge 1924 und 1925 des Anzeigers des Germanischen Nationalmuseums, Nürnberg 1926
Place of Publication[Nuremberg]
Year of Publication1926
Pages171-176
Show Literature
Gurlitt 1898 44-45
AuthorCornelius Gurlitt
TitleAmtshauptmannschaft Grimma. Beschreibende Darstellung der älteren Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler des Königreichs Sachsen
Volume19
Place of PublicationDresden
Year of Publication1898
Show Literature
Heller 1821 198
AuthorJoseph Heller
TitleVersuch über das Leben und die Werke Lucas Cranachs
Place of PublicationBamberg
Year of Publication1821
Link http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/heller1821
Show Literature
  • Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Annunciation [right wing, verso], 1584

Images

Compare images
  • overall
  • overall
  • overall
  • overall
  • irr

Technical studies

09. 2010Technical examination / Scientific analysis

  • Infrared reflectography
  • irr

Underdrawing

DESCRIPTION

Tools/Material:

- dry medium, dark chalk

Type/Ductus:

- freehand underdrawing; fine, thin, and precise lines

Function:

- relatively binding for the final painted version; used to delineate shapes, forms and spaces; no apparent representation of volume

Deviations:

- the vase in the foreground with the lily was moved further back in the painted version; otherwise only minor alterations made during the painting process

INTERPRETATION

Attribution:

- Lucas Cranach the Younger

[Smith, Sandner, Heydenreich, cda 2012]

  • photographed by Ingo Sandner
  • photographed by Gunnar Heydenreich

1997Technical examination / Scientific analysis

  • Identification of wood species / Dendrochronology
  • Infrared reflectography
  • Stereomicroscopy

Support

- limewood (Tilia sp.)

- 4 boards

- width at the centre from the left: 7.0, 18.0, 23.5, 14.5 cm

- the knots were left in the wood

- original size

Ground and Imprimatura

- a ground was applied and the panel was painted before it was framed

- lines were incised freehand along the burr at the edge of the ground and painted surface

- white imprimatura

Underdrawing

- executed with a soft stylus

- the contours and main lines within the forms are indicated

- numerous deviations in the painted version:

the vase is further down; the position of the angel Gabriel's wings has been changed slightly

Paint Layers and Gilding

- the paint has been stippled to imitate wool or felt

- the fine hairs were executed with a feather

[Bartl, Cat. Nuremberg 1997, 167]

Condition Reports

Date1997

Support:

  • the panel has been split so that the interior and exterior painted surface are now separate panels

  • the 1st and 2nd joins have both been reinforced with a dovetail insert near the tip

  • the support has come through when it was split

  • the joins were later partially reglued

  • the wood exhibits numerous splits

Reverse:

  • cradled

  • saw marks are visible

Painted surface:

  • losses in the paint layers above the application of tow

  • losses along the joins and the splits

  • whitish, very brittle varnish on all five panels obscures the brilliance of the paint (Water damage?)

  • the Virgin's robe is partially overcleaned

  • extensive reconstruction in the upper part of the painting

  • retouching on the left wing of the dove

  • scratches and paint loss on the wings of the angel

  • the paint layers along the edge of the dovetail inserts have been reconstructed

  • retouching on Gabriel's robe and the floor

  • remnants of an old yellowed varnish

[Bartl, Cat. Nuremberg 1997, 167]

Conservation History

Date1959

as yet no information

[Bartl, Cat. Nuremberg 1997, 167]

Date1958

as yet no information

[Bartl, Cat. Nuremberg 1997, 167]

Citing from the Cranach Digital Archive

Entry with author
<author's name>, 'Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Annunciation [right wing, verso]', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_GNMN_Gm1116d/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})
Entry with no author
'Winged altarpiece shaped like a heart (Colditzer Altar): The Annunciation [right wing, verso]', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document, entry or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_GNMN_Gm1116d/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})

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