Apollo and Diana

Title

Apollo and Diana

[CDA 2010]

Painting on beech wood (Fagus sylvatica)

Medium

Painting on beech wood (Fagus sylvatica)

[Gemäldegalerie, revised 2010]
[Klein, Report 1997]

Apollo stands naked in a wood clearing with a bow and arrow. Diana who is also naked, sits beside him on a stag. Her right leg is bent and she embraces the stag's head with her left arm. A landscape with water, an island and a city skyline extends beyond

[Gemäldegalerie Berlin, Unsinn 2010]

Attributions: Lucas Cranach the Elder
Hans Cranach

Attributions

Lucas Cranach the Elder	[Gemäldegalerie, revised 2010]
Hans Cranach	[Flechsig 1900 A, 273, 274]

Production date: 1530

Production date

1530

[dated]

Dimensions: Dimensions of support: 51.6 x 36.4 cm

Dimensions

Dimensions of support: 51.6 x 36.4 cm
Dimensions including frame: 67.7 x 52 cm
[Gemäldegalerie, revised 2010]

Signature / Dating: Artist's insignia bottom left: winged serpent and dated '1530'; in black paint

Signature / Dating

Artist's insignia bottom left: winged serpent and dated '1530'; in black paint

Owner: Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Gemäldegalerie
Repository: Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Gemäldegalerie
Location: Berlin

CDA ID: DE_smbGG_564
FR (1978) Nr.: FR271
Persistent Link: https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_smbGG_564/

Provenance

acquired by Waagen before 1830 or 1826
[Gemäldegalerie, revised 2010]

Exhibitions

Dresden 1899, No. 50
Berlin 1937, No. 75
Berlin 1973, 21, No. 10
Kronach 1994, No. 173c

Literature

Reference on page

Catalogue Number

Figure / Plate

Cat. Coburg 2018

36, 142

under no. 2

Author	Klaus Weschenfelder
Title	Cranach in Coburg. Gemälde von Lucas Cranach d.Ä., Lucas Cranach d.J., der Werkstatt und des Umkreises in den Kunstsammlungen der Veste Coburg
Place of Publication	Regensburg
Year of Publication	2018

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Wismer 2017

Author	Beat Wismer
Title	Cranach und die Moderne. Anmerkungen zur Cranach-Rezeption in der Kunst seit der frühen Moderne
Publication	in Gunnar Heydenreich, Daniel Görres, Beat Wismer, eds., Lucas Cranach der Ältere. Meister - Marke - Moderne. [Exhib. Cat. Düsseldorf 2017]
Place of Publication	Munich
Year of Publication	2017
Pages	82-91

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Sandner, Heydenreich, Smith-Contini 2015

134, Fn. 37

Author	Gunnar Heydenreich, Ingo Sandner, Helen Smith-Contini
Title	Veränderungen beim Unterzeichnen in Cranachs Werkstatt und die Arbeitsweise von Sohn Lucas
Publication	in Elke A. Werner, Anne Eusterschulte, Gunnar Heydenreich, eds., Lucas Cranach der Jüngere und die Reformation der Bilder
Place of Publication	Munich
Year of Publication	2015
Link	https://lucascranach.org/application/files/5215/6337/7366/Heydenreich_Sandner_Smith-Contini_2015_-_Unterzeichnung.pdf
Pages	128-141

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Heydenreich 2007 A

400

Author	Gunnar Heydenreich
Title	Lucas Cranach the Elder
Place of Publication	Amsterdam
Year of Publication	2007
Link	https://lucascranach.org/application/files/6116/2097/3099/Heydenreich_2007_Lucas_Cranach_the_Elder.pdf

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Widmaier-Picasso 2005

Author	Diana Widmaier-Picasso
Title	Picasso und Cranach der Ältere. Kunst als Lebenskraft
Publication	in Harald Marx, Ingrid Mössinger, Karin Kolb, ed., Cranach. Exhib. Cat. Chemnitz
Place of Publication	Cologne
Year of Publication	2005
Pages	64-77

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Großmann E. 1998

Author	Ellen Großmann
Title	Die mythologischen Darstellungen Lukas Cranach d. Ä. [Thesis]
Place of Publication	Munich
Year of Publication	1998

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Cat. Berlin 1996

Fig. 57

Author	Rainald Grosshans, Henning Bock
Editor	Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Gemäldegalerie
Title	Gemäldegalerie Berlin. Gesamtverzeichnis
Place of Publication	Berlin
Year of Publication	1996

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Exhib. Cat. Kronach 1994

350

173c

Editor	Claus Grimm, Johannes Erichsen, Evamaria Brockhoff
Title	Lucas Cranach. Ein Maler-Unternehmer aus Franken [Festung Rosenberg, Kronach 17.05 - 21.08.1994; Museum der Bildenden Künste, Leipzig 07.09 - 06.11.1994]
Series	Veröffentlichungen zur bayerischen Geschichte und Kultur
Volume	26
Place of Publication	Augsburg, Coburg
Year of Publication	1994

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Hinz 1994 A

Author	Berthold Hinz
Title	Lucas Cranach d. Ä. und seine Bildermanufaktur. Eine Künstlersozialgeschichte
Place of Publication	Munich
Year of Publication	1994

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Schade, Schuttwolf 1994

30, 31

Author	Werner Schade, Allmuth Schuttwolf
Title	Malerei und Plastik
Publication	in Allmuth Schuttwolf, ed., Gotteswort und Menschenbild. Werke von Cranach und seinen Zeitgenossen, Exhib. Cat. Gotha
Place of Publication	Gotha
Year of Publication	1994
Pages	15-94

Show Literature

Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979

123

No. 271

Fig. 271

Author	Max J. Friedländer, Jakob Rosenberg
Editor	G. Schwartz
Title	Die Gemälde von Lucas Cranach
Place of Publication	Basel, Boston, Stuttgart
Year of Publication	1979

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Schade 1974

Plate 104

Author	Werner Schade
Title	Die Malerfamilie Cranach
Place of Publication	Dresden
Year of Publication	1974
Link	http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/schade1974

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Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1973

No. 10

Author	Wilhelm H. Köhler, Frank Steigerwald
Title	Lucas Cranach. Gemälde, Zeichnungen, Druckgraphik
Place of Publication	Berlin
Year of Publication	1973

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Ruhmer 1963

Plate 35

Author	Eberhard Ruhmer
Title	Cranach
Place of Publication	Cologne
Year of Publication	1963

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Rosenberg 1960

No. 48

Author	Jakob Rosenberg
Title	Die Zeichnungen Lucas Cranachs d.Ä.
Place of Publication	Berlin
Year of Publication	1960

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Lüdecke 1953 B

Fig. 102

Author	Heinz Lüdecke
Title	Lucas Cranach der Ältere. Der Künstler und seine Zeit
Place of Publication	Berlin
Year of Publication	1953

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Posse 1943

No. 87

Author	Hans Posse
Title	Lucas Cranach d. Ä.
Place of Publication	Vienna
Issue	Second edition
Year of Publication	1943

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Lilienfein 1942

Fig. 109

Author	Heinrich Lilienfein
Title	Lukas Cranach und seine Zeit
Place of Publication	Bielefeld
Year of Publication	1942

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Posse 1942

No. 87

Author	Hans Posse
Title	Lucas Cranach d. Ä.
Place of Publication	Vienna
Year of Publication	1942

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Wolters 1938

125

Figs. 77, 78

Author	Christian Wolters
Title	Die Bedeutung der Gemäldedurchleuchtung mit Röntgenstrahlen für die Kunstgeschichte. Dargestellt an Beispielen aus der niederländischen und deutschen Malerei des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts
Series	Veröffentlichungen zur Kunstgeschichte
Volume	3
Place of Publication	Frankfurt am Main
Year of Publication	1938

Show Literature

Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1937

075

Pl. 67

Editor	Staatliche Museen, Berlin
Title	Lucas Cranach d. Ä. und Lucas Cranach d. J. Gemälde, Zeichnungen, Graphik
Place of Publication	Berlin
Year of Publication	1937

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Friedländer, Rosenberg 1932

222

Author	Max J. Friedländer, Jakob Rosenberg
Title	Die Gemälde von Lucas Cranach
Place of Publication	Berlin
Year of Publication	1932
Link	http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/friedlaender1932

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Flechsig 1900 A

273, 274

Author	Eduard Flechsig
Title	Cranachstudien
Volume	1
Place of Publication	Leipzig
Year of Publication	1900
Link	page/n5/mode/2up

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Exhib. Cat. Dresden 1899

No. 50

Editor	Karl Woermann
Title	Deutsche Kunstausstellung Dresden 1899. Abteilung Cranach-Ausstellung. Wissenschaftliches Verzeichnis der ausgestellten Werke
Place of Publication	Dresden
Year of Publication	1899
Link	http://resolver.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/SBB00002A2400000000

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Schuchardt 1851 C

Author	Christian Schuchardt
Title	Lucas Cranach des Aeltern Leben und Werke. Zweiter Theil
Place of Publication	Leipzig
Year of Publication	1851
Link	http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/schuchardt1851bd2

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Cat. Berlin 1830

139

No. 45

Author	Gustav Friedrich Waagen
Editor	Königliches Museum, Berlin
Title	Verzeichniß der Gemälde-Sammlung des Königlichen Museums zu Berlin
Place of Publication	Berlin
Year of Publication	1830

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Bartsch 1808

Author	Adam Bartsch
Title	Le peintre graveur. Les vieux maitres allemands
Volume	7
Place of Publication	Vienna
Year of Publication	1808
Link	http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-diglit-228876
References	GND 997996056

Show Literature

Apollo and Diana, 1530

Images

Documents

Technical studies

01. 2010Technical examination / Scientific analysis

Infrared reflectography

Underdrawing

DESCRIPTION

Tools/Materials:

- dry drawing material, dark chalk or fine, pointed brush in combination with a broader brush and diluted medium?

Type/Ductus:

- freehand underdrawing?

- delicate, fine lines; possibly in combination with broader lines in the background

Function:

- binding for the final painted version; lines delineate contours; no representation of volume

Deviations:

- no alterations made during the painting process

INTERPRETATION

Attribution:

- workshop

Comments:

- possibly with reference to a preparatory drawing or may even have been transferred from a pre-existing design

[Smith, Sandner, Heydenreich, cda 2012]

photographed by Ingo Sandner
photographed by Gunnar Heydenreich

2010Technical examination / Scientific analysis

Dendrochronology

Support

- beech wood

- the panel consists of three horizontal planks. The sapwood is aligned with the pith and the join glued

According to the most recent examination carried out by Dr. Peter Klein all three planks originate from the same tree.

Planks used to construct the supports of the following paintings by Lucas Cranach the Elder also originate from this very tree:

- DE_KBSB_B60_FR312-313C

- DE_KBSB_B59_FR312-313C

- DE_SKK_0109_FR255.

- DE_SMG_SG17_FR312-313D

- DE_KSW_G6_FR311A (planks I and III)

- DE_smbGG_589_FR184 (planks I-III),

- US_IMA_2000-344_FR218 (planks II und III)

- FIN_FNG_S-1994-224_FR-none

- AT_KHM_GG883_FR152

- Martin Luther, Private collection (planks I-III)

- Venus, PL, 1180

- Margrave Georg the Pious, PHI, 139 (planks II)

- A Faun and his Family, DON, 97

- Magdalena of Saxony, Chicago, 1938.310 (planks III)

- Martin Luther, OL, 52 (planks I und III)

- Martin Luther, Darmstadt, Hessisches Landesmuseum, GK 73

written by Christine Unsinn

17.02.1997Scientific analysis

Identification of wood species / Dendrochronology

Support

Identification of wood species: beech wood

Youngest annual ring: 1523

[Klein Report, 17.02.1997]

analysed by Peter Klein

02.10.1989Scientific analysis

Identification of wood species / Dendrochronology

Support

The top plank has 94 annual rings, the middle one has 75 aund the lower one has 159 and they can be dated as follows:

Plank I (top) : 1522 -1429

Plank II (middle) : 1523-1449

Plank III (bottom): 1522-1364'

written by Peter Klein

09. 1982Technical examination / Scientific analysis

Infrared photography

photographed by Fotowerkstatt, Gemäldegalerie, Berlin

Versions

Support made from the same tree

Citing from the Cranach Digital Archive

Entry with author: <author's name>, 'Apollo and Diana', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_smbGG_564/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})
Entry with no author: 'Apollo and Diana', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document, entry or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_smbGG_564/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})

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